The Carriage of dangerous goods and marine pollutants in sea-going ships is respectively regulated in the International Convention for the Safety of the Life at Sea (SOLAS) and the International Convention for the Prevention of pollution from Ships (MARPOL).
Relevant parts of both SOLAS and MARPOL have been worked out in great detail and are included in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code, thus making this Code the legal instrument for maritime transport of dangerous goods and marine pollutants. As of 1st January 2004, the IMDG Code will become a mandatory requirement.
Classification of dangerous goods
For all modes of transport (sea, air, rail, road and inland waterways) the classification (grouping) of dangerous goods, by type of risk involved, has been drawn up by the UNITED NATIONS Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN).
Class 1. [1] Explosives |
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Class 2. [2] Gases |
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Class 3. [3] Flammable Liquids |
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Class 4.1. [4] Flammable Solids or Substances |
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Class 4.2. [5] Flammable solids |
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Class 4.3. [6] Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases |
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Class 5.1. [7] Oxidizing substances (agents) by yielding oxygen increase the risk and intensity of fire |
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Class 5.2. [8] Organic peroxides - most will burn rapidly and are sensitive to impact or friction |
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Class 6.1. [9] Toxic substances |
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Class 6.2. [10] Infectious substances |
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Class 7. [11] Radioactive Substances |
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Class 8. [12] Corrosives |
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Class 9. [13] Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles |
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Subclass 2.1 Flammable Gas |
454 kg (1001 lbs) of any material which is a gas at 20°C (68°F) or less and 101.3 kPa (14.7 psi) of pressure (a material which has a boiling point of 20°C (68°F) or less at 101.3 kPa (14.7 psi)) which- 1. Is ignitable at 101.3 kPa (14.7 psi) when in a mixture of 13 percent or less by volume with air; or 2. Has a flammable range at 101.3 kPa (14.7 psi) with air of at least 12 percent regardless of the lower limit. |
Subclass 2.2 Non-flammable, Non-poisonus Gas |
This division includes compressed gas, liquefied gas, pressurized cryogenic gas, compressed gas in solution, asphyxiant gas and oxidizing gas. A non-flammable, nonpoisonous compressed gas (Division 2.2) means any material (or mixture) which- 1. Exerts in the packaging an absolute pressure of 280 kPa (40.6 psia) or greater at 20°C (68°F), and |
Subclass 2.2 Oxygen Gas |
This is an optional placard to the 2.2 Non-flammable Gas placard for compressed Oxygen in either the gas or liquid state. Oxygen is considered a non-flammable because it in and of itself does not burn. It is, however, required for combustion to take place. High concentrations of oxygen greatly increases the rate and intensity of combustion. |
Subclass 2.3 Poison Gas |
Gas poisonous by inhalation means a material which is a gas at 20°C or less and a pressure of 101.3 kPa (a material which has a boiling point of 20°C or less at 101.3kPa (14.7 psi)) and which: 1. is known to be so toxic to humans as to pose a hazard to health during transportation, or 2. in the absence f adequate data on human toxicity, is presumed to be toxic to humans because when tested on laboratory animals it has an LC50 value of not more than 5000 ml/m3. |
Flammable Liquid |
A flammable liquid (Class 3) means a liquid having a flash point of not more than 60.5°C (141°F), or any material in a liquid phase with a flash point at or above 37.8°C (100°F) that is intentionally heated and offered for transportation or transported at or above its flash point in a bulk packaging, with the following exceptions: |
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Oxidizing substances (agents) by yielding oxygen increase the risk and intensity of fire |
Oxidizer (Division 5.1) means a material that may, generally by yielding oxygen, cause or enhance the combustion of other materials. 1. A solid material is classed as a Division 5.1 material if, when tested in accordance with the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, its mean burning time is less than or equal to the burning time of a 3:7 potassium bromate/cellulose mixture. 2. A liquid material is classed as a Division 5.1 material if, when tested in accordance with the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, it spontaneously ignites or its mean time for a pressure rise from 690 kPa to 2070 kPa gauge is less then the time of a 1:1 nitric acid (65 percent)/cellulose mixture. |
Organic peroxides - most will burn rapidly and are sensitive to impact or friction |
Organic peroxide (Division 5.2) means any organic compound containing oxygen (O) in the bivalent -O-O- structure and which may be considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide, where one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals, unless any of the following paragraphs applies: 1. The material meets the definition of an explosive as prescribed in subpart C of this part, in which case it must be classed as an explosive; |
Toxic, poison substances |
known to be toxic to humans so as to afford a hazard to health during transportation or is presumed to be toxic to humans because it falls within a toxic category when tested on laboratory animals. an irritating material such as tear gas that causes extreme irritation, especially in confined spaces. |
Infectious Substance material is known to contain or suspected of containing a pathogen |
3.6.2.1 Definitions For the purposes of these Regulations: 3.6.2.1.1 Infectious substances are substances which are known or are reasonably expected to contain pathogens. Pathogens are defined as micro-organisms (including bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, parasites, fungi) and other agents such as prions, which can cause disease in 3.6.2.1.2 Biological products are those products derived from living organisms which are manufactured and distributed in accordance with the requirements of appropriate national authorities, which may have special licensing requirements, and are used either for prevention, treatment, or diagnosis of disease in humans or animals, or for development, experimental or investigational purposes related thereto. They include, but are not limited to, finished or unfinished products such as vaccines. 3.6.2.1.3 Cultures are the result of a process by which pathogens are intentionally. This definition does not include patient specimens as defined in 3.6.2.1.4. Bacillus anthracis (cultures only) 3.6.2.2.2.2 Category B: An infectious substance which does not meet the criteria for inclusion in Category A. Infectious substances in Category B must be assigned to UN 3373. |
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Miscellaneous |
A material which presents a hazard during transportation but which does not meet the definition of any other hazard class. This class includes: |
Links:
[1] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_1
[2] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_2
[3] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_3
[4] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_4_1
[5] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_4_2
[6] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_4_3
[7] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_5_1
[8] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_5_2
[9] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_6_1
[10] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_6_2
[11] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_7
[12] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_8
[13] http://www.packer3d.com/../imo_9
[14] http://www.searates.com